Overcoming and Detecting Bone Disorders in Children

There is some kind of congenital bone disorders since birth. Generally for calcium metabolism disorders. Formation of bones disturbed children in the womb if the mother's lack of calcium. We know that the formation of bones and teeth need calcium sufficiency. Congenital bone disorders is evident from the outside, more of the invisible. Osteomalacia cases, for example. Form of bone disorder can change the structure of bone, or bones cleave to each other.

Other types of bone disorders may be on the formation of ribs, or spine that is not perfect so that the structure of the spine is not straight. We called scoliosis. Spine structure tilted to one side. Structure of the spine also become abnormal when the formation of abnormal hip bones. Thus, the spine curves into either excessive forward curve, and curved back. We see, in looking side, the spine has a few curves. Starting from the neck, back and waist, has three times the curve. With this arch is divided in body weight arch structures which serve as springs, too.

Structural abnormalities of the spine generally somewhat severe look more real with age. Structure angle spine or scoliosis should continue to be measured periodically to decide whether it should be corrected, or still could be delayed.

The case of scoliosis in a real yet often detected accidentally. When bathing the baby, or child, the mother felt there was a part menonojol bone in the back. Certainty that it was a spinal abnormality confirmed by X-ray production. If scoliosis has not been detected, spinal structural abnormalities may only appear after the child begins to walk. Child standing position was not perfect. Or pace seemed lame when the structure of the side hip bones.

Sooner or later, scoliosis should be corrected if necessary to disturb the surrounding organs, especially the spinal cord. Emphasis, or the spinal cord strangulation can occur when there is a part of abnormal spine shape, and because of the disruption of bone structure.

Another case with a broken bone. Generally, traumatic impact, hard collision, or fall. Children are not as solid as bone bone adults. So every time the event the child should be cautious with the possibility of falling fractures. Incident fractures were not necessarily always visible from the outside. Only a severe fracture, especially a fracture to penetrate the skin, which looks real. Most do not look if you have not photographed X-rays. What did it mean?

Meaning that children who have a history of falling, do not be left until make sure no broken bones. A missed fracture is known, the possibility of re-connect the bones are not perfect. So even if the bone immediately decided massage. The decision to drop the child massage with danger if the fracture has occurred. Bone that was probably just cracked, could be broken even if berisko sorted.

Massage only be done if it is only sprained, and forbidden when a broken bone. More danger again when a broken bone to be increased complications instead. Which was only broken bones after a fracture sorted angle. Complication of fractures is more difficult to correct. What's worse, if a broken leg or arm bones late corrected. As a result of late made the correction, the second connecting the fracture took place was not perfect. Likely long bones of both legs or the arm bone becomes not the same. If occurs in the legs, the road becomes limp.

Broken bones can be recognized when there is swelling, the skin over the broken bone was reddish, and the pain occurs when the part is moved, or suppressed. Disorder usually occurs in the function also suspected broken bones. If confirmed true cases of broken bones, may not always need surgery, and enough dibidai (plaster) only. So, too, if only a mere bone fractures. New operations do if the fracture had complications, the fracture tip has changed position, or the bone is destroyed, and the fracture protruding through the skin.

Swelling and pain in the broken bone may only appear later. So do not be too quick to decide massage, or make corrections themselves at home before the fracture was not sure. Try membidai the suspected broken bones, do not do a lot of mobilization. In order for the fracture does not change position, to pembebatan (immobilization). At the age of the child, the fracture more easily connect dibading in adults. Generally, the bone will connect back before 6 weeks. In addition to immobilization, have enough calcium and vitamin C are also in order to more quickly connect bones.

Constipation In Infants

Normally, a baby stool changes according to age. Starting with greenish watery stool (meconium) in the early days postnatal. Next usually after the first week, baby stool changes in character in accordance with the milk he drinks. Feces of breast-fed infants is different from infant feces are not breastfed. Constipation associated with the nature of feces. When the hard stool consistency, relatively large volumes and clay, generally more difficult than if the feces expelled is a normal baby, which is soft, moist (moist) like toothpaste or a very ripe banana.

When did your baby is constipated? If in two days did not defecate. Normally babies defecate one to two times every day. During the consistency and volume of a normal stool, defecate only in 48 hours no problem. Feces normal babies if the software are categorized, humid (moist), volume (with) no clay, and not too watery. Infant constipation is expressed in two days if no bowel movements, and the stool is hard, and wiry.

Infants who consume enough breast milk is generally not a problem with the amount of water waste and rare cases of constipation. Similarly, in infants who have received additional food (ASI solids), more rarely suffer from constipation, as long as the food contains enough fiber (dietary fiber). The first solid food milk porridge. Intestine work harder when the daily food already there inside (berbungkah, bulk). We know the basic baby food initially only of liquid (milk), and not the food (which is solid, contains).

Constipation Causes

Because there is sharing things cause constipation, it is necessary to find what the basic causes of infant constipation; among other issues of local organs, eg the existence of: metabolic disorders, the fissure (crack / fissure), swelling, tumors, local neurological disorders, etc.. If your doctor has determined there is no problem and / or disorders as mentioned above, another possibility could be due to constipation:

* Lack of fluids, in other words less drinking. Metabolism at a high infant allows fluid (urine, sweat) over many, if not immediately replaced by drinking often leads to less fluid, leading to hard stools, not soft and less humid (less moist). The table below, can be used as a benchmark calculation of how many babies need fluids every day. Purpose liquids are milk (or other drinks eg juice, gravy baby's age appropriate and the doctor's instructions).

* Excessive discharge can also environment such as hot weather, making the baby a lot of sweat. Or room air regulator with (AC) although berhawa cool but dry air causes, so a baby who was in it needs to be given a lot of milk (to drink).

* Residue (remaining disposal) is excessive, including disposal of proteins that generally comes from animal side dishes and vegetable (beans). In this case tips that can help overcome, give the baby more fluids. For infants who had received solid food, providing more starchy and certain fruits (banana, papaya) can often help.

* In addition to protein residues, residual minerals are also often make constipation. Excess protein and minerals resembling fecal droppings made goat, berbungkil-bungkil. Look at when the mother gives the baby a supplement (often called) vitamins, is also contains minerals eg iron (ferum / iron), if so convey this complaint to the doctor and asked whether supplements should be stopped first, or a reduced dose.

* Provision of certain drugs eg antibiotics, cold medicine also provides a side effect of constipation.

If the baby has started to be given additional food, and fruit, but still constipated, too, observe type vegetables and fruit. If it was a complete vegetable mayurnya (more than one kind), and fruit in addition to a portion, derived from the type of fruit that does not make constipation (barking and other fruits that many nodes), the possible causes is not it. Could be it not getting enough drinking water.

If the water has been still constipated, too, of course there's something wrong with his digestion. There are several intestinal disorders in newborns that make constipation. Intestine folded, coiled, or any part of the large intestine through the anus at the base abnormalities, all of it can also appear with symptoms of constipation. For that we need more further investigation in order to make sure.

The case of infant constipation can be overcome by giving laxatives, but should the doctor's supervision. Do not give any laxative laxative for constipation is not itself a drug, but only for a moment overcome. Causes of constipation itself to be tracked, so that constipation can be completely overcome.

Vomiting Without For

BABY not finished eating, the food suddenly spit (spit) and often occurs when the baby is still younger than 6 months. This behavior often makes mothers little confused because the food spit just dilahapnya. Reflux caused by the muscles that close the road to the stomach not functioning perfectly, so the air coming in along with the food when the baby is eating. Well, when the air is pushed out of fluid or food will come out. Do not worry facing this situation because spit is a natural phenomenon of the baby language.

Diarrhea in Infants

Diarrhea in infants can result in death. Until now diarrhea or diarrhea disease is still one of the major diseases in infants and children in Indonesia. Estimated, the patient numbers between 150 to 430 per 1,000 people annually. With a variety of efforts, infant mortality and children caused by diarrhea in hospital can now be reduced to less than three percent.

Dr. Purbawati of PKU Muhammadiyah hospital in Solo show "Health Info for Visitors" in Solo, Monday (10 / 9), warned about the dangers of diarrhea in infants and children. "Diarrhea in infants and children should not be taken lightly, because if allowed to go on, will cause further dehydration and shock, even death," he said.

According to Purbawati, for many parents tend to underestimate when the infant or child has symptoms of diarrhea. Many times when checked into the doctor, the patient was in a state of late, weak, or lack of fluids. In infants younger than one month, given the frequency of diarrhea when defecation was more than four times a day. As for babies over one month, if the frequency of bowel movements more than three times. Many factors cause in children, including infections of the digestive tract, which can be caused by bacteria or viruses, or by parasites such as worms, protozoa, or fungi.

It is said, because of deaths caused by diarrhea more often because the body is dehydrated, the symptoms of fluid and electrolyte deficiencies, then each parent should recognize the signs of dehydration. For example, the child showed symptoms of thirst, weight loss, and reduced skin elasticity. This can be done by pinching the abdominal wall skin. In the event of dehydration, the skin of the abdominal wall will be longer recovered.

In addition, the signs that need to be recognized is the eyes and large fontanel was sunken; lip mucous membranes, mouth and skin was dry. In the event of symptoms of dehydration like that, it is recommended efforts to give the child a glass of water every time defecating. Besides oralit fluid, first pengobaan be given with a saline solution or a solution of salt water mixed with starch.

First Illness 10 Babies

BECOMING new parents of a happy. However, happiness is sometimes turned into panic when your baby suddenly ill. Well, it's good you recognize your baby's first 10 diseases, as described Dr. Kusnandi Rusmil, Sp.A of Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung following.

1. Colds - Colds in babies can be due to many factors. "Most of the viruses cause, that there are hundreds of species number. Usually heal itself, really. Symptoms, runny nose, sometimes blocked, then followed by cough and fever." In addition to viruses, colds can also be due to bacteria. Hot and usually accompanied by more severe symptoms, namely a red throat. Should be given antibiotics. If continued, could result in complications of middle ear inflammation. "However, ear pain does not always happen on a cold cough.

"If a lot of fluid or mucus from the baby's nose and make breathing is blocked, give the nose drops or nasal suction fluid with a special tool." The important thing, the cause was being treated. Since viruses have no cure, then the defense of the baby's body is to be improved. "Typically, colds in babies occurs about five days. If the baby's body heat does not come down and down to 2 - 3 days, immediately take it to the doctor." Parents do not have to worry if the baby colds. If accompanied by heat, heat the drug given. Do not forget, give good nutrition, particularly those containing vitamins and minerals, such as fruit or juice, drink a lot, especially milk. "

2. EAR INFECTION - Ear infections can be caused by common cold viruses constantly, so the virus into the ear canal. "It could also be because the ears take in water that contains bacteria, which causes inflammation of the middle ear canal." Symptoms, pain in the ear and the heat does not go down and down for 2 - 3 days. "It should be immediately taken to the doctor. If not immediately treated, the eardrum may be inflamed and the baby broke."

If not treated, long ear inflammation going to get worse and can cause pus. "If the pus burst, the liquid will come out of his ears with unpleasant smell. Long-term effects, the auditory system is damaged."

3. Diarrhea - Like the common cold, diarrhea in infants could also due to various factors, from food contaminated with bacteria or a virus, food poisoning, until the milk allergy. Diarrhea in infants can generally be seen from the amount of fluid that came out through the bowel (BAB) is more than the incoming fluid. CHAPTER frequency was more than three times a day. So, should be given plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration occurs.

Prevention, give the baby a drink, for example oralit, beverages containing ions, or beverages that contain probiotics, like yogurt to help balance the bacteria in the stomach. "The baby was allowed six months, really, given a drink containing ions or probiotics." Kusnandi also asserted, for diarrhea of the most powerful for real baby milk, because it contains anti-virus or bacteria that can prevent and reduce the duration of the disease in the body lodged in the baby.

Diarrhea is accompanied by fever, continued Kusnandi, most often caused by viruses. "All because of viral diseases, there is no cure. What is important, improving the immune system and overcome the loss of body fluids with a lot to drink, especially milk."

While diarrhea accompanied by vomiting, usually caused by stimulation to the digestive tract. "Stimulation can be all kinds, can the germs or chemical toxins. Once again, the important thing is to give a lot to drink. It could also be given anti-vomiting drugs by doctors," he said as he Kusnandi warned parents not to give babies medicine feces compressor or faeces. "If the feces clogged, bacteria enggak die, instead gathered in the gut. It's better first germs expelled by BAB. After the germs out, automatic diarrhea will stop by itself," said Kusnandi warned.

4. PLUS COUGH shortness of breath - the baby has the potential allergies or asthma, cough, runny nose too long can cause shortness of breath. "Colds are caused by germs that long to spread to the lungs. It can lead to symptoms of pneumonia, shortness of breath," said Kusnandi.

If you already attacking the lungs, then it went into a serious step and should really be treated. "The signs of shortness of breath can be seen physically, among other breathing through the nose, so that the nostrils flaring, rapid breathing, every breath like someone had pulled up to his chest concave." Handling serious symptoms should be more thorough. If you need to be treated at the hospital to be given oxygen. "If you've reached the serious stage, could not only be given treatment at home. It can be dangerous and should be helped by doctors," said Kusnandi.

5. Sore Throat - Sore throat in infants could be due to bacteria or virus that attacks the throat. "Physical signs, red throat, which can be seen in the neck. The baby also looks like a pain, irritability, and usually difficult to swallow."

If caused by a virus, usually the doctor will prescribe pain-reducing, vitamins, and it is recommended to be fed a lot, especially fruit juices, vegetable nodes, and breast milk, so that his body strong again. But if the cause bacteria, your doctor may give antibiotics. "It could be a syrup or powder. Powders are more economical and can be more precise dose, because the calculated per kilogram of body weight babies. Effectiveness, hell, in fact tantamount to syrup."

Bacterial findings ES In Infant Milk Products

Government asked to immediately pull the product formula and baby cereal tainted with the bacterium Enterobacter sakazakii. "The bacteria, consumers can not see it. They just feel when they are affected. Therefore, better food contaminated materials should be taken off the market," said Chairman YLKI cited Husna Zahir Legal, Sunday (24 / 2).

Husna says the withdrawal of the product needs to be done pending the outcome of government decisions related to the findings. "While waiting for a joint team work, the government could pull the contaminated products, so consumers are not harmed," he said.

That discovery raised related Husna researchers Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB) of the existence of Enterobacter sakazakii in infant formula and children pap. This type of bacteria can cause meningitis. Based on the results of a study of 74 samples of infant formula, 13.5 percent of them contain toxic bacteria. Three of the 46 pulp samples are also contaminated baby milk bacteria.

"Initially we just wanted to investigate the cause of diarrhea in infants, but I'm actually surprised by the discovery of Enterobacter sakazakii, Escherichia coli bacteria are not often found it," said Lead researcher IPB, Sri Estuningsih, who is also an expert on cows milk and your child's diet.

According to him, the bacterium Enterobacter sakazakii is very dangerous. Besides can cause meningitis, bacteria that can cause intestinal inflammation and tissue inflammation throughout the body. "Moreover, infant formula and infant cereal was given to many children aged under one year. This is very dangerous," he said.

This research was conducted since 2003 and continue to be improved, before finally published the National Agency for Drug and Food (POM). However, for reasons POM had no authority, a new study followed up in meetings with related agencies, Saturday (23 / 2).

Sri explained, findings of bacteria Enterobacter sakazakii in infant formula and baby cereal just followed up by the government, by forming a joint team to investigate the case. "We, (Saturday) has conducted a meeting yesterday with the relevant institutions in the Office of the Ministry of Agriculture to discuss our findings," he said.

According to him, based on the results of that meeting it was decided the formation of a joint team from the Ministry of Health, Ministry of Agriculture, POM, and the research team conducted extensive research IPB it. "Later, each team will work in accordance with its capacity," he said.

Department of Health, for example, will examine the process of manufacture. Department of Agriculture on basic materials, and the POM will make approaches to the manufacturer. "After this work a joint team, will be determined concrete steps," said Sri.

Announced Soon

Meanwhile, the public demanded that the government or the Balai Besar POM Bandung scanning immediately around issues of infant formula and baby porridge suspected to contain Enterobacter sakazakii. It was necessary to avoid the unwanted effects.

"But more importantly, the government immediately announced a porridge of milk and infant formula with problems, so that people can avoid these poisonous products," said Dewi, a mother of two children in the Pasteur who claimed to know about it from the internet.

As "homework" to ask for confirmation about the matter to the Balai Besar POM in Bandung, they said have not received information about the issue of POM. "I actually just found out the problem from one of the electronic media this afternoon," said Head of Certification and Consumer Information Services Balai Besar POM Bandung, Dra. Siti Nuraniyah to "PR", Sunday (24 / 2).

"Usually, if there is a problem that must be followed, Balai Besar POM Bandung receive fax, and from there then we can do further action, according to a given task. But since last Friday, we did not receive any letter," he said.

COLIC DISEASE

COLIC is actually not a disease, but more precise if classified as a general term to describe a condition. The main symptom is a prolonged fussing, accompanied by cries. This condition usually occurs late in the afternoon until bedtime. It is estimated that approximately 20% of babies have colic and usually when she was 2 weeks to 4 weeks.

Colic cries another with ordinary crying. Babies who cry when in this condition usually looks very upset and sad. Until the time of this writing, still not clear exactly what causes colic. Some say the cause is the food the mother is breast-feeding, infants allergic to milk bottles, parent anxiety, and so on.

Could be all that is said is true, or it may be all wrong, too. Clearly, there are a few tips you can do to calm your baby if she has colic.

First, make sure your baby is not hungry, or the diaper is too wet and dirty. Anyway, make sure there is not something that made him uneasy.

You also need to be sure that your child is not in a serious condition that requires treatment doctor or nurse.

You also have to learn to truly understand your baby. What else can soothe your baby, may not be able to calm your baby!

Try different movements or sounds that can calm him down. Give a gentle swing, or the sounds of soothing.

Try to put your baby in a comfortable environment, like a room with dim lights and away from the crowds. Or try also took her around with a stroller.

Sometimes it can be helpful also if you are stroking your back, abdomen or head. Some babies have also felt uncomfortable when bathed with warm water.